Unit 4 · Exam weight 10–15%

Cell Communication & Cell Cycle

Signal transduction, feedback, mitosis, and checkpoints.

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Lessons

Reception → transduction → response.

Negative loops maintain homeostasis; positive loops amplify.

Cell Cycle & Regulation

Interphase + mitosis with checkpoints controlled by cyclins/CDKs.

Featured diagram

Cell signaling pathway: reception, transduction, response

Practice MCQs for this unit Practice FRQs