AP Biology Units

All eight AP Biology units, grouped into focused lessons with diagrams and key terms.

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Unit 1 · Exam weight 8–11%

Chemistry of Life

Water, biological macromolecules, and the chemistry that makes life possible.

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Unit 2 · Exam weight 10–13%

Cell Structure & Function

Organelles, membranes, transport, and how compartmentalization enables life.

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Unit 3 · Exam weight 12–16%

Cellular Energetics

Enzymes, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration.

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Unit 4 · Exam weight 10–15%

Cell Communication & Cell Cycle

Signal transduction, feedback, mitosis, and checkpoints.

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Unit 5 · Exam weight 8–11%

Meiosis, Mendelian genetics, and inheritance patterns.

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Unit 6 · Exam weight 12–16%

Gene Expression & Regulation

DNA → RNA → protein, mutations, regulation, and biotechnology.

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Unit 7 · Exam weight 13–20%

Natural Selection

Evolution, Hardy-Weinberg, speciation, and phylogeny.

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Unit 8 · Exam weight 10–15%

Populations, communities, ecosystems, and biodiversity.

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